Ventricular system of the brain series#

Venous blood from the brain enters the cerebral veins which converge on a series of sinuses that feed into the internal jugular vein. Hence all of these are commonly affected if the artery becomes thrombosed or leaks blood into the surrounding tissues. The distribution area of the middle cerebral artery supplies major areas of cerebral cortex, especially areas concerned with sensation, fine motor control and speech. This coronal section shows that the middle cerebral artery originates from the Circle of Willis and sends branches through the striatum to the internal capsule and thalamus.

The middle cerebral artery is of particular importance because it is commonly involved in the pathogenesis of stroke. The Arterial Blood Supply to the brain comes through the right and left internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery (formed by the union of two vertebral arteries) that join together at the base of the brain to from the circle of Willis.ДЄ number of arteries arise here to supply the cerebral hemispheres with blood the middle cerebral artery is of particular importance in that it supplies blood to deep areas of the hemisphere and the areas of cerebral cortex concerned with sensation and motor control. The Arteries of the Cerebral Hemispheres and Brainstem Top

In this condition the neurones and axons that connect the cerebral cortex to the opposite side of the body are deprived of oxygen, resulting in paralysis and sensory loss. The middle cerebral artery is particularly important in humans, as it is this artery that often becomes obstructed or haemorrhages, causing stroke. There is an important anastomosis between these vessels at the Circle of Willis and major cerebral arteries enter the substance of the brain from this structure. The blood passes to the brain through the internal carotid and vertebral arteries on both sides. The brain has a high rate of metabolism and needs a high rate of blood flow to supply the oxygen for aerobic metabolism. The lateral ventricles are extensions of the third ventricle, connected by channels, the interventricular foramina, sometimes called the foramina of Monro, named after the Edinburgh anatomist. In the midbrain it can be seen as a CSF-containing tube in the aqueduct, which expands into the third ventricle at the level of the thalamus. In the brainstem the canal opens out into the cisterna magna and fourth ventricle. The central cavity of this tube remains in adults as the central canal of the spinal cord. The nervous system develops from a tubular structure in the embryo called the neural tube. CSF is also present in the central canal of the spinal cord, in the space between the brainstem and cerebellum (fourth ventricle), in the lateral ventricles within each cerebral hemisphere and in channels that connect them (the aqueduct and third ventricle). The brain and spinal cord float in the cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF), a salty fluid within the meninges. The Ventricular System and Blood Supply of the Brain

Applied surgical anatomy is reviewed with emphasis on operative approach and potential risk to adjacent central nervous system structures.The Ventricular System Cerebral Arteries Cerebral Veins and Sinuses This article discusses anatomy and neuroimaging of the ventricular system and highlights normal anatomical variations that may be mistaken for pathology. The ventricular system functions to produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid, which plays an important role in mechanical protection and regulation of homeostasis in the central nervous system. Applied surgical anatomy is reviewed with emphasis on operative approach and potential risk to adjacent central nervous system structures.ДЄB - The cerebral ventricular system is intimately associated with the forebrain and brainstem. N2 - The cerebral ventricular system is intimately associated with the forebrain and brainstem.